THESE ARE THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF TRADITIONAL WINDOWS WITH METAL GRILLS FOR SAFETY.

ANY GLASS OF SUITABLE THICKNESS CAN BE USED.
RECOMMENDED IS TEMPERED OR LAMINATED GLASS.

LARGE GLASSES WITHOUT ANY GRILLS FOR UNOBSTRUCTED AND PLEASANT VIEW.

LAMINATED GLASS OF SUITABLE THICKNESS USING 1.52 MM PVB.
ONE OR BOTH PANES SHOULD BE ANNEALED OR H.S; BUT BOTH GLASSES TEMPERED IS NOT A GOOD OPTION.

A NEAT FACADE OF GLASS USING ALUMINIUM FRAMES WHERE GLASS IS GENERALLY GLUED TO THE ALUMINIUM SECTION USING STRUCTURAL SILICON.

LARGE GLASS SURFACE MAKES IT NECESSARY TO USE DGU WITH ENERGY CONTROL COATED GLASSES. ONE OR BOTH GLASSES ON THE DGU HAVE TO BE TEMPERED OR LAMINATED AS PER THE REQUIREMENT OF HUMAN SAFETY NORMS

COMPLETE FACE OF CLEAR GLASS CONNECTED BY SPIDERS & BOLTS OF STAINLESS STEEL. THE LATERAL SUPPORT SYSTEM MAY BE GLASS FINS, ROD RIGGING OR WIRE RIGGING.

MOSTLY 12MM CLEAR TEMPERED GLASS ON THE FACE AND 19MM GLASS FOR FINS ARE USED.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN IS THE KEY CRITERION FOR DECIDING ON SIZES AND GLASS THICKNESSES. TEMPERED LAMINATED 12+1.52+12 MM FOR FACE AND FINS IS RECOMMENDED.

FRAMELESS GLASS ASSEMBLIES WITH PATCH FITTINGS, FOR ENTRANCE DOORS, PARTITION OR ENCLOSURES.

MOSTLY 12MM CLEAR TEMPERED GLASS IS USED. FOR HEIGHT OF THE OPENING ABOVE 3.4M LATERAL SUPPORT SUCH AS GLASS FINS IS NEEDED OR THE THICKNESS OF GLASS HAS TO INCREASE. THICKNESS HAS TO BE BASED ON THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND FINS ARE REQUIRED FOR STIFFENING.

SEEK RECOMMENDATION OF PATCH FITTINGS SUPPLIER.

GLASS IS SUPPORTED ON FRAMES AND PROPERLY SEALED FROM ALL 4 SIDES AGAINST WATER PENETRATION.

BEING OVERHEAD GLAZING, LAMINATED GLASS OF APPROPRIATE THICKNESS AND MINIMUM 0.76MM PVB TO BE USED.

ANNEALED GLASS CAN BE USED FOR SMALLER PANES BUT HEAT STRENGTHENED GLASS FOR BOTH PANES IS PREFERRED

GLASS IS GLAZED WITH BOLTS SUPPORTED FROM UPPER SIDE OR LOWER SIDE WITH METAL FRAME ON CABLE STAYS OR FRAME TRUSSES.

LAMINATED GLASS OF SUITABLE THICKNESS WITH BOTH GLASSES TEMPERED & HEAT SOAKED ARE USED. MOSTLY BOTH GLASSES ARE 12MM OR 10MM WITH 1.52MM PVB LAMINATION WITH IONOPLAST SHEETS INSTEAD OR PVB IS PREFFERED.

THESE ARE ALUMINIUM OR BOLTED FAÇADES WITH FACE SLANTING OR SLOPED OUTWARD OF THE BUILDING AT AN ANGLE OF MORE THAN 15 DEGREES TO THE VERTICAL.

LAMINATED GLASS WITH BOTH PANES TEMPERED OR HEAT STRENGTHENED SHOULD BE USED ON THE OVERHEAD OR SLANTED OUT FACE. EXACT THICKNESS AND COMBINATION WILL BE BASED ON DESIGN. BOLTED INCLINED FACADES NORMALLY USE 12+1.52+12 MM CONFIGURATION. NORMAL ALUMINIUM STRUCTURAL GLAZING WITH SLOPE NORMALLY USES ‘5+0.76+5MM’ FOR PANELS UPTO 1MX2M AND ‘6+1.14+6MM’ FOR LARGER PANELS WITH BOTH GLASSES AS HEAT STRENGTHENED.

GLASS SHOWER ASSEMBLIES ARE GENERALLY USED TO GIVE A LARGER FEEL AND VISUAL COMFORT WHILE USING THE BATHROOM IN ADDITION TO KEEPING NON SHOWER AREA CLEAN AND DRY.

10MM CLEAR TEMPERED GLASS IS MOST COMMONLY USED AND 8MM TEMPERED CAN BE USED IN CASE OF SMALLER PANELS, IF THEY ARE WELL SUPPORTED.

GLASS CLAD WALL ARE VERY NEAT AND CLEAN, HIGH ON AESTHETICS AND A HYGIENIC FEEL ABOUT THEM. PASSAGES, LIFT LOBBIES, DESIGNER BATHROOMS AND KITCHENS ARE THE IDEAL PLACES OF USE.

6MM CERAMIC PRINTED TEMPERED GLASS IS MOST SUITABLE. PRINTING CAN BE TEXTURES OR PATTERNS OR OF PLAIN FLAT FINISH. IN CASE THE DESIGNER NEEDS VERY BRIGHT OR LIVELY COLOURS, THEN ENAMELED GLASS CAN BE USED. ENAMELED GLASS IS COSTLIER, CANNOT BE TEMPERED OR LAMINATED AND MAY NOT BE SUITABLE ON EXTERIORS.

GLASS HAS BECOME A VERY IMPORTANT ELEMENT IN FURNITURE. GIVEN BELOW ARE ONLY SOME EXAMPLES.

TEMPERED GLASS IS MOST COMMONLY USED. THICKNESS OF TEMPERED GLASS WILL DEPEND ON THE SIZE, LOAD, SUPPORTS AND AESTHETIC APPEAL. WHEREVER EDGES ARE EXPOSED, THE EDGE TYPE AND FINISH ARE IMPORTANT. ANNEALED GLASS SHOULD NOT BE USED AT ALL AS IT IS VERY DANGEROUS.

WHEREVER DECORATION ON GLASS IS NEEDED, IT SHOULD BE DONE BEFORE THE TEMPERING.

SPECIAL GLASSES ARE NEEDED FOR THESE APPLICATIONS DEPENDING ON THE REQUIREMENTS OF TRANSPARENCY, NON-GLARE, ANTI-REFLECTION AND FROST FREEDOM.

A GLASS BALCONY BRINGS NATURAL LIGHT TO THE BUILDING AND ALSO ADDS TO ITS CLASS. THE GLASS HAS TO BE GOOD FOR STRENGTH AND HUMAN SAFETY.

GLASS BALCONIES WITH BOLTED SYSTEMS ARE LESS OBTRUSIVE WHERE YOU SEE MORE GLASS AND LESS OF METAL.

NORMALLY LAMINATED GLASS 6+1.52+6 WITH BOTH PANES TEMPERED IS USED. EXACT THICKNESS AND SPECIFICATION WILL DEPEND ON SUPPORTING SYSTEM, SPANS AND WIND LOADS.

FOR FREE STANDING GLASS RAILINGS, ANCHORED ONLY FROM THE BOTTOM EDGE, LAMINATED GLASS WITH BOTH GLASSES TEMPERED IN CONFIGURATION ‘10+1.52+10MM’ OR ‘12+1.52+12MM’ IS USED. LAMINATION WITH IONOMERS INSTEAD OF PVB IS PREFERRED.

THESE USE SHAPED GLASSES, MOSTLY TRAPEZADAL, AND SOMETIMES NEEDING INTRICATE AND DIFFICULT CUTOUTS. THESE CAN BE FLAT OR CURVED AS ILLUSTRATED.

LAMINATED GLASS OF SUITABLE THICKNESS AND CONFIGURATION IS RECOMMENDED THOUGH THE MOST COMMONLY USED GLASS IS TEMPERED. IN CASE OF SINGLE TEMPERED GLASS, SAFETY FILM SHOULD BE APPLIED FOR HUMAN SAFETY.

WALKABLE STEPS OF GLASS NEED A VERY HIGH LOAD BEARING CAPABILITY AND HAVE TO BE SAFE FOR HUMANS IN CASE OF GLASS FAILURE OR BREAKAGE ALSO ALSO. THERE MAY BE OTHER CONSIDERATIONS FOR SEE THROUGH VISIBILITY FROM BELOW AND ANTI-SKID TREATMENT ON GLASS.

LAMINATED GLASS OF 12+1.52+12 WITH BOTH PANES TEMPERED AND HEAT SOAKED ARE MOST COMMONLY USED AND IS MINIMUM SPECIFICATION. THIS IS OFTEN ADDED WITH ANTI SKID PRINTING ON TOP SURFACE AND ONE LAYER OF TRANSLUCENT PVB IN LAMINATION. ACTUAL SPECIFICATION WILL DEPEND ON DESIGN ASPECTS BASED ON SPANS, LOADS AND SUPPORT SYSTEM. THOUGH PVB CAN BE USED SAFELY, NEWER LAMINATION MATERIALS LIKE IONOPLAST SHEETS WITH MORE RIGIDITY AND STRENGTH ARE ALSO PREFERRED OVER PVB.

WALKWAYS NEED A VERY HIGH LOAD BEARING CAPABILITY AND HAVE TO BE SAFE FOR HUMANS IN CASE OF GLASS FAILURE OR BREAKAGE ALSO. THERE MAY BE OTHER CONSIDERATIONS FOR SEE THROUGH VISIBILITY FROM BELOW AND ANTI SKID TREATMENT ON GLASS.

LAMINATED GLASS OF 12+1.52+12 WITH BOTH PANES TEMPERED AND HEAT SOAKED ARE MOST COMMONLY USED AND IS MINIMUM SPECIFICATION. THIS IS OFTEN ADDED WITH ANTI SKID PRINTING ON TOP SURFACE AND ONE LAYER OF TRANSLUCENT PVB IN LAMINATION. ACTUAL SPECIFICATION WILL DEPEND ON DESIGN ASPECTS BASED ON SPANS, LOADS AND SUPPORT SYSTEM. THOUGH PVB CAN BE USED SAFELY, NEWER LAMINATION MATERIALS LIKE IONOPLAST SHEETS WITH MORE RIGIDITY AND STRENGTH ARE ALSO PREFERRED OVER PVB.

GLASS CANOPIES ARE A COMMON FEATURE IN MODERN BUILDING FOR BETTER LIGHT AND AESTHETIC APPEAL.

BEING OVERHEAD GLAZING, THE GLASS HAS TO BE A LAMINATED GLASS OF SUITABLE CONFIGURATION DEPENDING ON SPANS, SUPPORT SYSTEM, CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE LOADS. AN FEA IS RECOMMENDED FOR CANOPIES ON BOLTED STRUCTURAL GLAZING.

GLASS SHELTERS RENDER A HIGH FEELING OF SAFETY FROM POSSIBLE NUISANCE BY ANTI SOCIAL ELEMENTS IN SUCH PUBLIC PLACES.

OVERHEAD GLASS HAS TO BE LAMINATED WHILE THE VERTICAL GLASS PANELS CAN BE TEMPERED. MOST COMMONLY, LAMINATED GLASS 6+0.76+6 MM WITH BOTH PANES
HEAT STRENGTHENED IS USED.